Stock Market Basics: how stock prices work

If you're new to investing, this page explains what stocks are, why prices move, and how to think like a long-term investor.

What a stock represents

A stock is ownership in a business. Over the long run, investors are paid through earnings growth, cash flow, dividends, and buybacks.

What moves stock prices

  • Earnings: higher profits usually support higher prices.
  • Interest rates: higher rates can compress valuation multiples.
  • News + sentiment: short-term volatility is often emotional.
  • Valuation: price vs intrinsic value matters for long-term returns.

Next step: learn intrinsic value

Intrinsic value helps you decide whether a stock price is cheap or expensive relative to fundamentals.

Intrinsic Investor is for education and research only. Not financial advice.