Capex vs Opex: What Investors Need to Know

Capex vs opex explained: how capital expenditures differ from operating expenses, and why capex intensity matters for free cash flow and valuation.

Capex vs opex (quick definitions)

Opex keeps the business running day-to-day. Capex is spending on long-lived assets (equipment, buildings, software capitalization). Capex reduces free cash flow.

Why investors care

  • Capital-intensive businesses may have lower free cash flow
  • Depreciation can lag real capex needs
  • DCF valuation depends on sustainable free cash flow

Link capex to intrinsic value

Use cash flow and DCF concepts to understand reinvestment needs.

FAQs

Is capex always bad?▼

No. Growth capex can create value. The key is whether returns on invested capital are attractive.

Why do some businesses have high capex?▼

Utilities, telecom, industrials, and energy often require ongoing asset investment to operate.

Related

Intrinsic Investor is for education and research only. Not financial advice.